Kamran's Essay Introduction

To what extent can be the problem of urbanization is met by a policy of sustainable development?

Sub Title:

[To what extent policies of UK government are helping in reducing the pollution of urban areas and the roll of big industries.] - rewrite

Introduction:

US Environmental Protection Agency (2010) “Wastes - Educational Materials” Last accessed on 11/07/2010 Url: http://www.epa.gov/waste/education/quest/gloss1a.htm#s

Now a days we [who?] have noticed a huge change in the trend of people moving from villages to cities with many reasons, we define this trend in one world as “Urbanization”. Urbanization is attached to industrialization and can be described as a process of declining in the amount of population in rural areas due to the advancement and economic forces attracting a huge proportion of people towards urban area making ideal place to live. In detail, some writer defines urbanization as a process of complexity because it is related to the introduction of new methods within existing system in different aspects of our lives, such as transportation. Antrop (2004) studied (Champion, 2001; Pacione, 2001; Antrop, 2000; Bryant et al., 1982) and stated that “Urbanization is a complex process of change of rural lifestyles into urban ones. It showed an almost exponential growth since the end of the 19th century”. This was not end, we found this trend continuously increasing in 20th century, according to The United Nations Urbanization Report (2005) states that the twentieth century has experienced the most urbanization. ­­­

[As a fact that] - ? urbanization is increasing day by day, cities are becoming more wider, industrialised, advanced and creating opportunities for better lifestyle, but on the other hand it is giving birth to many different issues and one of them is ‘Sustainability’. There is an environmental issue these days related to sustainable development concerning worldwide authorities. Firstly, we have to understand what is sustainability? If we look into literature we will find different meaning of sustainability but i found one easy and simple which is defined by US Environmental Protection Agency (2010) says that, “Sustainability is social and environmental practices that protect and enhance the human and natural resources needed by future generations to enjoy a quality of life equal to or greater than our own”. Additionally, if we talk about development we might think about sustainable development and it is founded as a need of current situation. Karshenas (2008) studied Brundtland Report (1987) to define sustainable development which state that, “Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”, he adds more “a process of change in which exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the reorientation of technology development, and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and aspirations”. WCED (1987).

Thesis of my essay is “To what extent policies of UK government are helping in reducing the pollution of urban areas and the roll of big industries” [That's a question not a thesis]. However, in this essay i will discuss problems related to urbanization such as overcrowding and its consequences that is lack of enough resources, health problems; crucial competition for limited jobs which will lead to increase in crimes; and housing problems. This essay also talks about roll of UK government and policies adopted toward sustainable development; Policies are often defined as a plan, guiding principle or some sort of action designed by political party, business or by government to influence their practical matter to get expected results. After that i will give some information about the role of big industries in sustainable development or whether their negative effects on environment. Finally, my focus will be on one vital problem of urbanization these days and closely related to sustainability as people are getting more and more health conscious that is ‘Pollution’.

References:


Antrop. M (2004) “Landscape change and the urbanization process in Europe” Landscape and Urban Planning 67 pg 9–26 University of Ghent, Geography Department, Krijgslaan 281 S8, B9000 Gent, Belgium

Karshenas. M (2008) “Environment, Technology and Employment: Towards a New Definition of Sustainable Development” Development and Change Volume 25 Issue 4, pg 723 – 756 Published by International Institute of Social Studies

World Urbanization Prospects ‘The 2005 Revision’ (2006) Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, Last accessed on 10/07/2010 Url: http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WUP2005/2005wup.htm