Kamran's Essay outline

Title: To what extent can be the problem of urbanization is met by a policy of sustainable development?

- To what extent policies of UK government are helping in reducing the pollution of urban areas and the roll of big industries.

Introduction:

- Definition of urbanization and detail background with relevant information.
- What is policy? How and who made? Some details about policy to clear an idea.
- What we called sustainable development?
- Definition of sustainability. What meant by sustainable development?
- Background information how it started and how far it has worked or progress.
- information about my thesis, i.e.
- UK government policies and pollution problems in urban areas
- roll of industries in creating and helping in pollution problem
- My stand in essay, and what will be my conclusion

Main Body:

- Describing and evaluating different problems related to urbanization
- Overcrowding
- Lack of resources – because of overcrowding
- Increase in Crimes
- Housing Prices
- Jobs competition
- Health problems
My Focus:
- Describing and evaluating different problems related to pollution
- Air
- Traffic
- Noise
- Recycling
- Roll of government in solving these problems
- Government policies
- Roll of Industries

Conclusion:

- Redefining the thesis i.e. UK government policies and the roll of industries in creating and helping pollution problem of urban areas.
- How far these policies helped to achieve the government targets?
- Some common recommendation and suggestion to tackle the pollution problem based on previous literature and research done before.

REFERENCES:

J. A. LEE & J. H. TALLIS (28 SEPTEMBER 1973) “Regional and Historical Aspects of Lead Pollution in Britain” Nature volume 245, 216 – 218 Department of Botany, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL

Mitlin. D (1992-4) “Sustainable Development: a Guide to the Literature” Environment and Urbanization.

Camagni . R, Capello. R and Nijkamp. R (1998) “Towards sustainable city policy: an economy-environment technology nexus” Ecological Economics 24, pg 103–118

the essay outline----Eddie

Title: To what extend can the problems of urbanisation be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Subtitle: To examine Shanghai how to solve the urban problem ways

Introduction:
The definition of urbanisation
The definition of sustainable development
The problems of urbanisation general background such as overcrowded (high population density), traffic problem, crime, high housing price, more competitive for job, and pollution problem
A case study Shanghai
Thesis: to extend sustainable development might solve urban problem in Shanghai

Main body
Describe the urban problem in Shanghai

Due to open policy, Shanghai’s economic grows staggering
Population density
Environment pollution and inadequate sewage treatment capacity
Over concentration of industries
Traffic congestion (lack of the transportation infrastructure and public facilities, more people have their own cars)

Sustainable development

Urban renewal and development
Establish more the public transportation and infrastructure
Set up more satellite cities to solve overcrowded population
Move the factories to inland

Conclusion
To summarise Shanghai municipality sustainable development policy
It is estimated that Shanghai sustainable development policy whether it improves Shanghai urban problem
To restate the thesis to extend sustainable development might solve urban problem in Shanghai

Reference:

Liu Ta (1994) Urban renewal and development of Shanghai, Chinese Geographical Science, Volume4, Number3,p.p.219-231
http://www.springerlink.com/content/7jgl5447645683m1/

China Urban Sustainable Transport Research Centre (2007) Solving the traffic problem in Shanghai
http://www.urbansustrans.cn/info_detail_e.asp?id=1292

Qing Shen (1997) Urban transportation in Shanghai, China: Problems and Planning implications
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119172926/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0

Nick`s essay outline

Title: What extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Subtitle: what are the impacts of massive population growth by the policy of sustainable development in Shanghai?

Introduction:
1) What is urbanization?
2) What is sustainable development?
3) Some background information: what are the specific problems of urbanization in Shanghai?
4) Some existing policies of sustainable development in Shanghai
5) My opinion

Body
1) Specific problems caused by massive population density in Shanghai.
a) Crowd
b) Transport ( traffic jam, difficultly parking)
c) Hard to find a job; high pressure
d) Damage environment ( lots of house refuse, less plants, serious co2 emission)

2) Possible solutions
a) More planting, higher building
b) Decrease the price of public transport
c) control floating populations regularly

3) Successful solutions and policies
a) Establish better public transport system
b) Transfer factories to suburbs
c) Limit cars which come from other cities driven in central of city ( depend on the different categories of cars and time)
d) Village officials plan for colleague students ( encourage colleague students work in rural)

Conclusion
1) Summarize the achievements of these solutions and policies and give assessment
2) Give some recommendations

Reference
1) Qing S, (1997). Urban transportation in Shanghai, China: problems and planning implications.
2) Liu T, (1994), Urban renewal and development of Shanghai city. Journal of Chinese geographical science. Volume 4, Number 3, PP. 219-231,1994.

the outline --Sue

To what extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?

Sub-Title: Can the sustainable development policies solve the problems of urbanization in Hong Kong?

Introduction
1) What is Sustainable development?
- depends on how profitably balance on the objectives or needs of society, economy and environment
- considering the three objectives to sustain the development in long term.
2) What is urbanization?
- people move from rural to urban areas with massive population growth
- however, urbanization has caused a lot of problems such as high housing price, limited resource, pollution , high population, traffic congestion, crime
- give the example of characteristics of urbanization
3) sustainable development policies such as waste management charge scheme, recycling scheme, renewable energy, urban living space with background information
4) Thesis: this essay will focus on housing problem and pollution in Hong Kong and base on the 3 main objectives of society, economy and environment of sustainable development to evaluate and give evidence of the policies whether solve the problem.
5) In my opinion, different kind of sustainable development policy can solve the problems but I think there are many more problems than solution in Hong Kong

Main Body
The problems of Urbanization in Hong Kong –
-Background information: high density area with high population
-Focusing on the below 2 main problems,
1) Housing problems
- High housing price: a lot of people cannot afford
- Narrow area of the flat can cause dangerous
- with the evidence of a fire broke out in Shek Kep Mei

2) Pollution
- transport : traffic congestion can lead to air pollution specially in developed region such as Central and Mong Kok with evidence to support
- Commerce and Households: producing waste such as packaging with evidence to support

3) Evaluate the policies for housing problem and give the evidence to support
- Housing rental housing (PRH)
- Home ownership scheme (HOS)

4) Evaluate the policies for pollution problems and give evidence to support
- Transport : congestion pricing system , escalators as public transport. Intelligent Transport System (ITS) system
- Commerce and Households : recycling scheme ,waste management charge

Conclusion
- summarising the policies whether efficiency for the problems of urbanisation
- give my point of view : the policies can not really solve the problems in long term because it depends on public’s moral
- give recommendation and suggestion of sustainable development for the future.

References:
1. D. J.Dwyer (1971) Asian Urbanization , A Hong Kong case book Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=WV7F7VgjbIwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=what%20are%20the%20problems%20of%20urbanization%20in%20HK&hl=zh-CN&source=gbs_slider_thumb#v=onepage&q=what%20are%20the%20problems%20of%20urbanization%20in%20HK&f=false (accessed 27June 2010)

2. Peter Roberts and Peter Hills (2002) Analysis and policy in East and West – the case of Hong Kong and Scotland , Journal of Sustainable development Vol 10 pp117-121 Available from: http://www.docin.com/p-43528787.html (accessed 27June 2010)

3. Hong Kong Intelligent Transport System (ITS), China ,Available from
Available from: http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/hong-kong/(accessed 27June 2010)

4. Hong Kong: Re-discovering escalators as public transport, Available from:
.http://sustainablecities.dk/en/city-projects/cases/hong-kong-re-discovering-escalators-as-public-transport(accessed 28June 2010)

5. Housing problems accompanying Urbanization (Hong Kong’s lesson), Available from:
http://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/hdw/ihc/pdf/cswcs.pdf(accessed 28June 2010)

Lucas'S Outline

What extent can the problems of urbanization are met by a policy of sustainable development
Introduction:
• How define urban life in China?
• Background information about urbanization in China
• what is sustainable development?
-Resource sustainable development
-Environment sustainable development
-Ecological sustainable development

• What policies of sustainable development exist in China?
-Reasonable use of resource
-Responsible to environment protect
-Restrict to deforestation and animal hunt
• Conclusion
Sustainable development policies can help solve the problem about urbanization effectively. As a member in public, we may support and fulfill these policies

Body:
1. What specific problems are related to a lack of urban space
a. High house price
b. High stress
c. High crime rate
2. What specific problems are related to urban transport?
a. Traffic Jam
b. High road accident rate
c. Difficult to get taxi

3. What are the possible to the problems outlined above?
a. Increase interest rates and subsidies
b. Provide more public transport like free bikes
c. Strengthen people‘s environment awareness
d. Increase the barrier for getting drive passport


4. What evidence can you find to suggest that a policy of sustainable development can be successful?
a. More and more people decrease their investment on houses after the higher interest rate in China.
b. The rate of increase of cars climbs down in following three months
c. Fewer people can get drive permission from transport department of government
Conclusion:
.-How the evidence support my thesis
- What we can do in the future
- The value of the sustainable development


Reference:
1.http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext?ID=119234787&onDenied=/journal/119234787/abstract&PLACEBO=IE.pdf&mode=pdf
2.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12281374

outline of essay-annie

Title: To what extent can be the problem of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
-China government made policies to improve pollution and population migrant increasing problems and the impact on the environment to achieve sustainable development in Beijing.

Introduction
-the definition of sustainable development
-the definition of urbanization
-the problems of urbanization: transportation and traffic problems, high price for housing market, more competitve for job market,and these problems lead to serious pollution and population migrant increasing.
-China make policies to reduce pollution and imporve environment: development low carbon technology, wind power technology.
1 what are the policies to encourage development low carbon technology in China, especially reduce pollution in Beijing.
2 Compare with some developed countries, China how to study and absorb the new technology from these countries.
3 A case study from a China company to reduce carbon emissions and develop a wind power technology.

Main body
-the specific problems are related to urban environment
traffic and air pollution, carbon emission lead to climate change, population migrant increasing -solution
1 low carbon technology
2under ground construction
3cysling
-evidence that show sustainable development

Conclusion
-Above the sustainable development policies that can be solved the urban environment problems.
-And give the views of Beijing for urbanization in the near future

reference:

Lewis (2007) Techology acquisition and innovation in the developing world: wind turbine development in China and india. Springer,Vol.
Zhoun,Y.and Wang,Q.(2009) wind power in China.Master's thesis in energy systems.
www.siteresources.worldbank.org/china-cost-of-pollution.pdf
Cost of pollution in China
www.unep.org/BeijingReport.pdf
Beijing Olympics 2008-An environment review

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http://www.youtube.com/watch_popup?v=_xEoqWuN1_8&vq=medium

outline of essay

Title: To what extent can the problem of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
-to what extent do UK government policies can improve present traffic situation and reduce the impact on the environment to achieve sustainable development.

Introduction:
-the definition of sustainable development and urbanization
-the problems bring about: traffic congestion, pollution, over-crowd, high price houses, high price consumer, crime, competition.
-essay focus: traffic problems and pollution
-the existed sustainable development polices to reduce congestion, improve environment, and to encourage healthier lifestyle:
1. How to feed sustainable, low carbon, travel packages into LTP3 planning (2009)
-encourage sustainable low carbon travel

2. Delivering sustainable, low carbon, travel: An essential guide for Local Authorities (2009)
-encourage environment-friendly transport and reduce carbon emissions

3. How to reduce costs and carbon emissions from business related transport (2008)
-encourage business to adopt low cost and green transport, undertake the environmental responsibility.

-to a large extent the problems can be solved by the sustainable development policies in the long run.


Main body

-The specific problems:
-traffic pollution and noise pollution
-traffic stress and traffic congestion
-carbon emission→climate change
-bad air quality
-exhausting recourses

-Possible solution（Green travel plan）
-reduce car-based travel
-use public transport: bus, rail, and car sharing
-use green travel methods: walking, cycling


-Evidence that can show how successful the sustainable development policies is by presenting transport statistics provided by Department for Transport and researches have done before

Conclusion: -to a large extent the problems can be solved by the sustainable development policies in the long run.

Reference:
Department for Transport, http://www.dft.gov.uk/pgr/sustainable/

Guidelines BIG Green Commuter Challenge2010,
www.portmoth.gov.uk/commuterchallenge

OUTLINE---Sophie

To what extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
---Chinese population aging processing

OUTLINE
-Introduction:
a)Topic: general and integrated backgrounds of urbanization problems of the world, plus in term of the global old aging phenomenon and applied measures to tackle them
b)Narrow scope: Chinese aging problem of population in cities and the relevant policies
c)Definitions: 'urbanization' and 'sustainable development' (United Nations ,2002)
d)Structure
1.Chinese characteristic of aging problems
2.The existing policies of sustainable development in China
3.Compare and contrast the different countries, my opinions about how to solve this problem
e)Thesis

-Main Body :
a)As for society: undeveloped national healthy systems, social assistance and public services; social attitudes and values to old people ( Zeng,2001)
b)Companies: employment - pensions, welfare, and delay the retirement of age
c)Families: fast tempo, lack of care and love of family members, discrimination ...
d)in terms of old citizens in China, the physical and psychological problems of individuals
e)Current policies of governments and social institutions in domestic
f)Compare and contrast the developed nations, such as Japan,USA, the more advanced rules and systems for seniors(Alig,Kline, Lichtenstein,2003)
g)The implication and suggestion for existing issues (Cangping/ Shui2004)h)My point of views for generating feasible measures and policies

-Conclusion:
a)based on the evidence and data mentioned above,
analysing and evaluating whether the relevant policies of sustainable development can be applied in aging problems in cities or not (United Nations, 2002)
b)The implication and suggestion in the future
c)Individual opinions
d)The replication of thesis

-References:
1.Zeng yi, (2001) population and economics,'the main features of population aging and policy considerations in China'. Vol.5,2001,No.128
2.Ralph J. Alig , Jeffrey D. Kline, Mark Lichtenstein(2003) Landscape and Urban Planning,'Urbanization on the US landscape: looking ahead in the 21st century',Vol.3,69,219-233
3.Wu Cangping / Miao Feng Shui(2004)Population Studies Chinese characteristics of the population aging process, future development and strategies,No. 1, 26
4.United Nations (2002), World Population Aging 1950 ~ 2050, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.

The essay outline-----------Iris

Topic: To what extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Sub topic: Evaluate approaches for protect urban forest systems for city development in china.

Introduction:
Background:
1. What is urbanization?
Give a definition of urbanization, show examples of urbanization.
2. The characters of urbanization and the problems it brings.
Like city spread, more and more people swarm into the city, due to the huge population, the city is becoming more and more crowed, less greenbelt , more high buildings.
As well, the pollution in the city was increased, air quality decrease. People who are living in the city , the feeling of satisfy life was drop.
3. Met with the problems that urbanization brings, how to solve it (sustainable development).
Give a definition to the sustainable development , show examples.
Sustainable development is about balance issue, to balance the city grow and the natural environment , do not scarify the natural environment to get the economic profit.
4. Thesis: Give a solution way what we called urban forest system to solve the contradictory between city and natural environment in china, evaluate that the way is possible to use to solve the contradictory between human and environment.
Main body:
1. Introduce the urban systems,

2. Show the successful examples in other countries.

like Singapore, Japan, European countries.


3. Short introduction china’s city situation, the speed of urbanization is really fast ,
The contradictory of human and environment is quite deeply
4. Evaluate the possibility of using this method to solve the problem
Along with the city development , this method is useful to solve the contradictory between human and city .
5. The benefits
Like: more greenbelt, clean , air quality increase , people who live in the community more united.



Conclusion:
1. State that the “sustainable development” could in some extent to solve the problems of urbanization, give some supports
2. Short summary the benefits of urban forest and the possibility
3. Restate that sustainable development could be the best way to solve the problems of urbanization. This is the “win-win” way. To Co-ordinate the city development and natural environment on a balance extent.


References:
1.Sandra , N. & Maria ,D.(2010) Estimating the economic benefits of the landscape function of ornamental trees in a sub-Mediterranean area. International Journal of Urban Forestry &Urban Greening Vol 9 (2) PP71-81 [online].
Available from: http://www.elsevier.de/ufug
[accessed 27June 2010]

2. Wendy,M. &Paul,E, Mar,s. Robert,B(2010)The housing-forest interface:Testing structural approaches for protecting suburban natural systems following development. International Journal of Urban Forestry &Urban Greening Vol 9 (2) pp149-159 [online].
Available from: http://www.elsevier.de/ufug
[accessed 27June 2010 ]

3. Alex Y ,LO & C.Y Jim (2010) Willingness of residents to pay and motives for conservation of urban green spaces in the compact city of Hong Kong International Journal of Urban Forestry &Urban Greening Vol 9 (2)pp113-120
Available from: http://www.elsevier.de/ufug
[accessed 27June 2010 ]

The outline-Nero

Topic:
To what extent do you think sustanabel development can solve the problems of urbanization?
Introduction:

1.what is urbanization? (in a specific regions or countries)
2.background information :what are the problems of urbanization
3.what is sustainable development?
4. existing policies of sustainable development in this regions or countries.
5. own opinion

mainbody:
1.specific problemes in this regions or countries
a.crowd
b. less plants
c.hard to find a job
d.pollution
e.traffic jam
...
2.possible solutions
a. taller building
b. grow some plants around or in those tall building
c.hold some international events (world cup), developing local tourism
d.less car , improve awareness of pretecting environment
e.individual cars limited
...
3.successful polices of sustainable
a.satellite city
b.developing transportation(railway, subway,light rail )to make cities and countryside more closer.
...
conclusion:
1.sumerise those information
2.own opinion
3.answer the question

The outline--kelvin

Topic: To what extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Sub title: Can you satisfy with the tiny house in Hong Kong?
Introduction:
Background:
1) What is urbanization? How to determinate a region is urbanized? What are the characteristics of urbanization or an urban city?
→ From rural area to urban area or urban sprawl
2) What is the meaning of sustainable development?
→Balance economy, resources, society and environment
→Therefore, being a sustainable development policy should fulfill these four criteria whilst consider the long-term development of the city.
→However, there are some side effects caused by urbanization thus affecting the city development in the long term. Seeing that, government supposes to implement the sustainable development policies to iron out the size effects of urbanization. (the linkage between urbanization and the sustainable development policy)
3) In fact, there are so many problems of urbanization such as aging population, shortage in housing, over-crowded (population density), travel jam, solid waste and social unstable and so on.
4) In the essay, analyzing the housing problem in Hong Kong will be the case study in order to answer the question.
5) Thesis: To a fair extent the sustainable development policies can solve the housing problem in Hong Kong.
→How the policies can fulfill the 4 criteria (economy, resources, society and environment)
→ Can the policies solve the housing problem in Hong Kong? How successful the policies are?
Based on these two questions to evaluate the sustainable development policy in Hong Kong

Main body:
1) Describe the housing problems in Hong Kong
Population:
→ 7 million in mid 2009 (Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department).
→average population density is : 6,313 persons per square kilometer
→the most density place in Hong Kong is Mong Kok : 82107 persons per square kilometer
→ Shortage in housing supply and poor living condition were historical urban problem in Hong Kong
→ Housing problem is not only related to the quantity supply, but also the quality supply and maintenance such as living condition and availability of social and public service.
→High housing price (on an average, the single bedroom apartment can cost around 500 pounds every month)
→ Long waiting time (public housing scheme)
2) Three sustainable development policies
→a) Reclamation (increase the flat area and use for commercial, road building, open space and also residential.)
→b) Satellite city (develop new town in a removal area solving the over-crowded condition)
→c) Old urban area renewal ( redevelopment and rehabilitating the old town and transform the usage of the land. )
3) Evaluation
→What is the current situation in Hong Kong? Does the housing problem still exist?
→To what extent the policies can fulfill the four main criteria?
→To what extend the policies can iron out the housing problem?
→Analyze the outcomes of the policy
Conclusion:
→Restate the thesis that is “ to the fair extent the sustainable policy can help to solve the housing problem in Hong Kong”.
→ Summarize the achievements of the policies
→End up with the recommendation of developing a more comprehensive sustainable development policy and suggestion of further research.

References:
Hong Kong Census and Statistics Department
http://www.censtatd.gov.hk/hong_kong_statistics/statistics_by_subject/
Hong Kong Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department
http://www.afcd.gov.hk/eindex.html
Hong Kong Sustainable Development Department
http://www.susdev.gov.hk/html/en/council/

Hong Kong 2009-2010 Policy Address full report, available at :
http://www.policyaddress.gov.hk/09-10/eng/index.html
Hong Kong housing Authority
http://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/en
Hong Kong fact sheet: new town and new major urban development 2009 report. Available at:
www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/.../towns&urban_developments.pdf

ಇಬ್ರಾಹಿಂ

• 
  
  Ibrahim's whole essay (draft)
  Implication of migration on the UK economy and society
  
  INTRODUCTION:
  
  The first significant immigration to the UK was in 1066 when the Norman king, William the Conqueror, invaded Britain and invited Jews to develop commerce , finance and trade. In 15th century, slave trading lead to brought black men to work in farms and latter in factories during Industrial Revolution until halted in 1800. During the first and second world wars, hundreds of thousands of soldiers came to fought for Britain and some of them stayed in Britain. After the world wars, Britain has lack of workers its society and develop the economy by migrants for this reason government encourage workers to come to work in the UK(BBC news)
  
  There are several reasons lead to increasing number of migrants to the UK such as opportunities of jobs or also escaping from wars or famines. However, those migrants have brought with them to the UK some advantages and disadvantages to the UK. In this essay will discuss the advantages and disadvantages to the UK in terms of economy and society. In the end will discuss how the UK government might maintain its society and develop the economy by migrants.
  Economic effects:
  There are no doubt about the implications of immigration on the UK economy in term of advantages and disadvantages. According to (David G, February 2007) who argue that there are not clear evidence of negative impacts of immigration to the UK economy based on the government statistic figure. Supply has been increased in higher percentage against demand due to immigration. As a result of increasing the supply against the demand, inflation rate will remain or decline in the long term. Also he argue that the unemployment rate has increased because of an increase of young workers who are new workers involve in labor market not due to migrants. However, he claim that the migrants have affected the average and minimum wages to decrease which had affected native employees negatively. Moreover, as a result of the UK government commitment to provide health insurance to whole residents in the UK region, that going to cost the government more money due to increasing the number of patients and some of them unemployment and from low and middle class of wealth.
  The UK economy has number of benefit of several aspects of immigration. Firstly, as long as the UK economy based on 40% of input in GDP in services according to the national statistic figure, that means the migrants are essential need to dealing and communication with other countries. Secondly, the UK is the mother of the English language and it has reached a very high stander education which led to raise income from foreign students. Finally, encouraging skills workers to work in the UK has developed the economy in term of taxes payment and increasing demand in the UK products. All of these elements have positive impacts in the UK economy by encouraging businesses to launch new products due to increase the number of residents in this region which will lead to improve the economy resources and revenue.
  The UK government encounters some problem from immigration in term of refugees and unskilled workers. The government has to caring of refugees by provide them with accommodation, education, healthcare and living expenses. These cost the UK government enormous amount of money annually which can be use in different aspects of national interest. The other important issue of immigration in term of economy is unskilled workers migrants. They cost the government health care and they drop the average wages of English workers. Also they take the opportunities of working from young native workers.
  Society impacts:
  The propensity to determining the number of children in English families has affected the population growth in the UK negatively. Population growth in the UK thank to increase immigration from other countries. While the decline the population growth percentage in the UK comparing with other part in the world, international immigration to the UK push the population growth up.
  Other benefit from immigration to the UK society is that transmission culture and knowledge from other countries to the UK society. The skilled and educated people who came to stay in the UK, they came with their knowledge and skills that going to transfer their knowledge and experience to the society which they are live in. However, that might affect the traditional of English society due to integration with other nationalities. Also, that may be lead to omission the traditional customs by young generations. Moreover, there are group of people how argue that, some of migrants escape from their countries because of they might charge of crime which will lead to made the society dangerous. Unknown the history of migrants cause some serious crimes such as murders people and drugs gangs.
  Conclusion and recommendations:
  It is clear that, the migrants have caused some negative effects in the UK economy and society. By comparison between the weight of negative and positive effects we will find that the economy and society have attained more benefit and advantages from the international immigration even though if they had caused some negative implications in the UK society and cost the economy a big budget. The UK government can avoids the immigration effects by imposing new policy to regulate immigration to the UK. My recommendation for the UK government in term of economy are to limit the free health care services for native born in the UK, discourage unskilled workers to come to work in the UK and encourage skilled workers and businesses to come to involve in the UK economy. In term of UK society, the government should enhance the requirement of immigration to the UK especially in the kind of applied and the real reasons of immigration. All of these recommendations can be done by remaking the policy of immigration.
  References:
  http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=969406
  http://esrcsocietytoday.esrc.ac.uk/ESRCInfoCentre/Images/CDP_01_05%20-%20economy_tcm6-24968.pdf
  http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/static/in_depth/uk/2002/race/short_history_of_immigration.stm
  

Globalization-------Iris

Globalisation-Nero

Nowadays, globalisation has changed our world hugely. Plenty of effects have been caused by globalization. These effects bring many benefits and costs. Therefore, people frequently ask that globalisation is good or bad. Most of them think globalisation has more advantages while the others argue that globalisation has caused many negative effects. This essay will attempt to discuss both the positive and negative effects of globalisation on the world today.

Convincing argument can show that globalisation has many positive influences. Firstly, it allows a vast number of information to be shared between individuals and corporations around the world. People can get plenty of information which come form different countries and regions through TV , internet and the others. Secondly, people that come from different countries could communicate with each other quite easily. For instance, a Chinese people can talk with a British people by using telephone, by using e-mail, by using MSN or Facebook. It IS quite convenient. Lastly, free trade between nations are increasing. People can buy different goods which they cannot get it in their own countries.

Given several positive effects, we should also consider negative aspect. Globalisation caused some negative effects as well. First of all, The greater risk of diseases were transported unintentionally between different countries. Some diseases exploded rapidly, they harmed local people seriously. Furthermore, globalisation has caused the disappearances of some local culture and traditional food. For example, in some regions, young people like eating KFC or Mcdonalds instead of their traditional food. Lastly, increasing global trade could caused more competition. Some countries have to protect their own products and own workers (Buckley, 1998).

In conclusion, globalisation has caused lots of effects in our world. Some of them are good effects, we can get many benefits from it, and some of them are negetive effects,we should understand them correctly. The government should give some new policies to solve these problem.

Reference: Buckley, r. (ed. ) ,’The Global Village: Challenges for a Shrinking Planet’ Understanding Global Issues, July 1998.

Analysis on Globalization---Sophie

Topic:
Discuss the positive and negative effects of globalization on the world today.

The phenomenon of Globalization has now been in the limelight. Definitely, globalization is the procedure of uniting diverse races or regions via the forms of economic, cultural, political and technological communication throughout the world.(Jagdish.B 2004 ) As a matter of fact, such trend of universal integration, to the certain degree, could be measured as a double-edged sword with advantageous and disadvantageous influences on mankind at large. In this essay, it is vital to take two elements into account as well as identify each of them due weight.


At the first glance, there are abundant benefits discerned out which is supposedly the great advances for global village by virtue of economic cooperation, cultural communication and authorities collaboration. Initially, in terms of merchandise globalization, the last decades have witness all sorts of goods and services within business which were dramatically international trading.(Buckley,R,1998) Furthermore, with the rapid advancement of industrialization and civilization, it is just diversified peoples even though the Australian Aborigines that presumably recognize the Great Wall of China and the fantastic custom by amazing computers or televisions.(Buckley,R,1998) Finally, owing to the establishment of international organizations particularly the United Nation organization and European Union et al, environmental containment or financial turmoil can be from some extend tackled efficiently.(Buckley,R,1998)


Nevertheless, globalization, more often than not, transcends the chain of domino effects oppositely. Firstly, due to the closing cooperation of multinational business, obviously, the circumstances of deteriorating economic competition probably exit, taking anti-dumping action of Chinese irons in the United States for instance. In that sense, the more affluent countries become, the poorer some undeveloped regions are.(Buckley,R,1998) Secondly, those who have assimilated into the same value or culture giving rise to the decadence of local unique quality or characteristic. Thirdly, globalization, politically, it is the intangible tool for powerful countries' authorities to control the sovereign nations or economic benefits, so to speak, it is conceivable that the global scale will cast light into the unbalanced side.


In the final analysis, I believe the veracity is far more complicated in the statement, mainly, than what is depicted. Therefore, we should adopt the dialectical methodology to view both effects on globalization.



References:
1.Buckley,R.(ed.), 'The Global Village: Challenges for a Shrinking Planet ' Understanding Global Issues( July 1998) Reading&Writing source book, Garnet education

2.Bhagwati, Jagdish (2004). In Defense of Globalization. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.

Books needed for Fri 4th June

Please bring your Reading Course book and Source book to class on Friday.

Reminder: your essays are due on Friday too. Please post them on the blog by then. Good luck!

See you then.

Hannah