Outline Reza

Title: To what extent can be the problem of urbanization is met by a policy of sustainable development?

What was the UK government planning and urban renewal development in London?

Introduction

Definition of urbanization and the related problems

- Urbanization problems in the UK

Definition of sustainability

- What is sustainability development

What we call renewal program?

Background information about city of London

What is GLA (Greater London Authority).

- Mayor of London

- London assembly

The definition of Spatial Planning policy.

Main body

What are the objectives of London plan?

What are GLA responsible for?

The most important defined sites

1. Docklands (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- The key success factors of Docklands redevelopment

2. East end (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- What are the plans for East end? It is very important because the 2012 Olympics will be held in this area.

3. Thames Gateway (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- The planning framework principles for the Thames Gateway

4. Covent Garden (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- UK's first ever food night market

5. Paddington Waterside (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- What important plans have been done?

6. Waterloo (spatial planning and urban renewal)

- GLA proposals for redeveloping Waterloo

Conclusion

Was the urban renewal program of main areas of London city development successful?

References (Only main articles)

Legislative Council Secretariat. (2002) Report of the delegation of the Panel on

duty visit in September 2002 to study the experiences on town planning, urban

renewal and heritage preservation in Singapore, Berlin and London.

Report for the the Deputy Prime Minister, (2005) Planning Policy Statement:

Delivering Sustainable Development, United Kingdom, ISBN 0 11 753939 2

Kamran's Essay outline

Title: To what extent can be the problem of urbanization is met by a policy of sustainable development?

- To what extent policies of UK government are helping in reducing the pollution of urban areas and the roll of big industries.

Introduction:

- Definition of urbanization and detail background with relevant information.
- What is policy? How and who made? Some details about policy to clear an idea.
- What we called sustainable development?
- Definition of sustainability. What meant by sustainable development?
- Background information how it started and how far it has worked or progress.
- information about my thesis, i.e.
- UK government policies and pollution problems in urban areas
- roll of industries in creating and helping in pollution problem
- My stand in essay, and what will be my conclusion

Main Body:

- Describing and evaluating different problems related to urbanization
- Overcrowding
- Lack of resources – because of overcrowding
- Increase in Crimes
- Housing Prices
- Jobs competition
- Health problems
My Focus:
- Describing and evaluating different problems related to pollution
- Air
- Traffic
- Noise
- Recycling
- Roll of government in solving these problems
- Government policies
- Roll of Industries

Conclusion:

- Redefining the thesis i.e. UK government policies and the roll of industries in creating and helping pollution problem of urban areas.
- How far these policies helped to achieve the government targets?
- Some common recommendation and suggestion to tackle the pollution problem based on previous literature and research done before.

REFERENCES:

J. A. LEE & J. H. TALLIS (28 SEPTEMBER 1973) “Regional and Historical Aspects of Lead Pollution in Britain” Nature volume 245, 216 – 218 Department of Botany, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL

Mitlin. D (1992-4) “Sustainable Development: a Guide to the Literature” Environment and Urbanization.

Camagni . R, Capello. R and Nijkamp. R (1998) “Towards sustainable city policy: an economy-environment technology nexus” Ecological Economics 24, pg 103–118

the essay outline----Eddie

Title: To what extend can the problems of urbanisation be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Subtitle: To examine Shanghai how to solve the urban problem ways

Introduction:
The definition of urbanisation
The definition of sustainable development
The problems of urbanisation general background such as overcrowded (high population density), traffic problem, crime, high housing price, more competitive for job, and pollution problem
A case study Shanghai
Thesis: to extend sustainable development might solve urban problem in Shanghai

Main body
Describe the urban problem in Shanghai

Due to open policy, Shanghai’s economic grows staggering
Population density
Environment pollution and inadequate sewage treatment capacity
Over concentration of industries
Traffic congestion (lack of the transportation infrastructure and public facilities, more people have their own cars)

Sustainable development

Urban renewal and development
Establish more the public transportation and infrastructure
Set up more satellite cities to solve overcrowded population
Move the factories to inland

Conclusion
To summarise Shanghai municipality sustainable development policy
It is estimated that Shanghai sustainable development policy whether it improves Shanghai urban problem
To restate the thesis to extend sustainable development might solve urban problem in Shanghai

Reference:

Liu Ta (1994) Urban renewal and development of Shanghai, Chinese Geographical Science, Volume4, Number3,p.p.219-231
http://www.springerlink.com/content/7jgl5447645683m1/

China Urban Sustainable Transport Research Centre (2007) Solving the traffic problem in Shanghai
http://www.urbansustrans.cn/info_detail_e.asp?id=1292

Qing Shen (1997) Urban transportation in Shanghai, China: Problems and Planning implications
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119172926/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0

Nick`s essay outline

Title: What extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
Subtitle: what are the impacts of massive population growth by the policy of sustainable development in Shanghai?

Introduction:
1) What is urbanization?
2) What is sustainable development?
3) Some background information: what are the specific problems of urbanization in Shanghai?
4) Some existing policies of sustainable development in Shanghai
5) My opinion

Body
1) Specific problems caused by massive population density in Shanghai.
a) Crowd
b) Transport ( traffic jam, difficultly parking)
c) Hard to find a job; high pressure
d) Damage environment ( lots of house refuse, less plants, serious co2 emission)

2) Possible solutions
a) More planting, higher building
b) Decrease the price of public transport
c) control floating populations regularly

3) Successful solutions and policies
a) Establish better public transport system
b) Transfer factories to suburbs
c) Limit cars which come from other cities driven in central of city ( depend on the different categories of cars and time)
d) Village officials plan for colleague students ( encourage colleague students work in rural)

Conclusion
1) Summarize the achievements of these solutions and policies and give assessment
2) Give some recommendations

Reference
1) Qing S, (1997). Urban transportation in Shanghai, China: problems and planning implications.
2) Liu T, (1994), Urban renewal and development of Shanghai city. Journal of Chinese geographical science. Volume 4, Number 3, PP. 219-231,1994.

the outline --Sue

To what extent can the problems of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?

Sub-Title: Can the sustainable development policies solve the problems of urbanization in Hong Kong?

Introduction
1) What is Sustainable development?
- depends on how profitably balance on the objectives or needs of society, economy and environment
- considering the three objectives to sustain the development in long term.
2) What is urbanization?
- people move from rural to urban areas with massive population growth
- however, urbanization has caused a lot of problems such as high housing price, limited resource, pollution , high population, traffic congestion, crime
- give the example of characteristics of urbanization
3) sustainable development policies such as waste management charge scheme, recycling scheme, renewable energy, urban living space with background information
4) Thesis: this essay will focus on housing problem and pollution in Hong Kong and base on the 3 main objectives of society, economy and environment of sustainable development to evaluate and give evidence of the policies whether solve the problem.
5) In my opinion, different kind of sustainable development policy can solve the problems but I think there are many more problems than solution in Hong Kong

Main Body
The problems of Urbanization in Hong Kong –
-Background information: high density area with high population
-Focusing on the below 2 main problems,
1) Housing problems
- High housing price: a lot of people cannot afford
- Narrow area of the flat can cause dangerous
- with the evidence of a fire broke out in Shek Kep Mei

2) Pollution
- transport : traffic congestion can lead to air pollution specially in developed region such as Central and Mong Kok with evidence to support
- Commerce and Households: producing waste such as packaging with evidence to support

3) Evaluate the policies for housing problem and give the evidence to support
- Housing rental housing (PRH)
- Home ownership scheme (HOS)

4) Evaluate the policies for pollution problems and give evidence to support
- Transport : congestion pricing system , escalators as public transport. Intelligent Transport System (ITS) system
- Commerce and Households : recycling scheme ,waste management charge

Conclusion
- summarising the policies whether efficiency for the problems of urbanisation
- give my point of view : the policies can not really solve the problems in long term because it depends on public’s moral
- give recommendation and suggestion of sustainable development for the future.

References:
1. D. J.Dwyer (1971) Asian Urbanization , A Hong Kong case book Available from: http://books.google.com/books?id=WV7F7VgjbIwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=what%20are%20the%20problems%20of%20urbanization%20in%20HK&hl=zh-CN&source=gbs_slider_thumb#v=onepage&q=what%20are%20the%20problems%20of%20urbanization%20in%20HK&f=false (accessed 27June 2010)

2. Peter Roberts and Peter Hills (2002) Analysis and policy in East and West – the case of Hong Kong and Scotland , Journal of Sustainable development Vol 10 pp117-121 Available from: http://www.docin.com/p-43528787.html (accessed 27June 2010)

3. Hong Kong Intelligent Transport System (ITS), China ,Available from
Available from: http://www.roadtraffic-technology.com/projects/hong-kong/(accessed 27June 2010)

4. Hong Kong: Re-discovering escalators as public transport, Available from:
.http://sustainablecities.dk/en/city-projects/cases/hong-kong-re-discovering-escalators-as-public-transport(accessed 28June 2010)

5. Housing problems accompanying Urbanization (Hong Kong’s lesson), Available from:
http://www.housingauthority.gov.hk/hdw/ihc/pdf/cswcs.pdf(accessed 28June 2010)

Lucas'S Outline

What extent can the problems of urbanization are met by a policy of sustainable development
Introduction:
• How define urban life in China?
• Background information about urbanization in China
• what is sustainable development?
-Resource sustainable development
-Environment sustainable development
-Ecological sustainable development

• What policies of sustainable development exist in China?
-Reasonable use of resource
-Responsible to environment protect
-Restrict to deforestation and animal hunt
• Conclusion
Sustainable development policies can help solve the problem about urbanization effectively. As a member in public, we may support and fulfill these policies

Body:
1. What specific problems are related to a lack of urban space
a. High house price
b. High stress
c. High crime rate
2. What specific problems are related to urban transport?
a. Traffic Jam
b. High road accident rate
c. Difficult to get taxi

3. What are the possible to the problems outlined above?
a. Increase interest rates and subsidies
b. Provide more public transport like free bikes
c. Strengthen people‘s environment awareness
d. Increase the barrier for getting drive passport


4. What evidence can you find to suggest that a policy of sustainable development can be successful?
a. More and more people decrease their investment on houses after the higher interest rate in China.
b. The rate of increase of cars climbs down in following three months
c. Fewer people can get drive permission from transport department of government
Conclusion:
.-How the evidence support my thesis
- What we can do in the future
- The value of the sustainable development


Reference:
1.http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext?ID=119234787&onDenied=/journal/119234787/abstract&PLACEBO=IE.pdf&mode=pdf
2.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12281374

outline of essay-annie

Title: To what extent can be the problem of urbanization be met by a policy of sustainable development?
-China government made policies to improve pollution and population migrant increasing problems and the impact on the environment to achieve sustainable development in Beijing.

Introduction
-the definition of sustainable development
-the definition of urbanization
-the problems of urbanization: transportation and traffic problems, high price for housing market, more competitve for job market,and these problems lead to serious pollution and population migrant increasing.
-China make policies to reduce pollution and imporve environment: development low carbon technology, wind power technology.
1 what are the policies to encourage development low carbon technology in China, especially reduce pollution in Beijing.
2 Compare with some developed countries, China how to study and absorb the new technology from these countries.
3 A case study from a China company to reduce carbon emissions and develop a wind power technology.

Main body
-the specific problems are related to urban environment
traffic and air pollution, carbon emission lead to climate change, population migrant increasing -solution
1 low carbon technology
2under ground construction
3cysling
-evidence that show sustainable development

Conclusion
-Above the sustainable development policies that can be solved the urban environment problems.
-And give the views of Beijing for urbanization in the near future

reference:

Lewis (2007) Techology acquisition and innovation in the developing world: wind turbine development in China and india. Springer,Vol.
Zhoun,Y.and Wang,Q.(2009) wind power in China.Master's thesis in energy systems.
www.siteresources.worldbank.org/china-cost-of-pollution.pdf
Cost of pollution in China
www.unep.org/BeijingReport.pdf
Beijing Olympics 2008-An environment review